The nine personality types of the Enneagram can be categorized into different groups of three, called Triads, the Hornevian groups, and the Harmonic groups. However, their personality contains all nine types. Every person has one dominant personality type among the nine types. Thus it goes beyond the narrow concerns of the personality and helps people become more aware of the present moment. In the journey of self-discovery using the Enneagram, people can become aware of essential qualities in themselves. The Enneagram considers personality as an artificial construct and a collection of internal defences and reactions related to the self and the world. In addition, the Enneagram facilitates self-transcendence by attaining the state of presence. Therefore, the Enneagram not only describes each personality characteristic, but it also provides insights about the habitual systems of behaviours, emotions, and ideas of each personality.
#Type 3 personality free#
The goal of the Enneagram is to help people understand the mechanism involved in their personality, to help them free themselves from the limitations of their personality. It is also known as one of the greatest tools to enhance self-awareness. In addition, it would be desirable to explain personality traits as well as to identify the deep roots of drives and inner conflicts of human nature.Įnneagram is one of the well-known personality typologies. To use medical students’ personality types for empathy education, tools designed for the normal population, rather than a clinical population, can be more helpful because not all medical students may exhibit pathological characteristics. Further, the TCI and KDS-3A focus more on treating pathological personality types and mood disorders. The FFM and ZKPQ explain core personality traits, but they do not define personality type. To assess personality traits associated with empathy, previous researchers have used the Five-Factor Model (FFM), Zuckerman-Kuhlman Personality Questionnaire (ZKPQ), Temperament and Character Inventory (TCI), and Kupfer Detre Scale (KDS-3A).
It is reported that personality is significantly associated with the empathy of medical students and that it should be taken into account while developing programs to enhance empathy. Personality is believed to be composed of innate traits that determine the patterns of thoughts, feelings, and behaviours that influence interpersonal interaction. It has been reported that the continuous enhancement of the self-understanding of personal traits and promoting self-growth can also encourage communication with patients. However, this teaching and learning strategy targeting skills only may not be enough to improve empathy. To encourage empathy in medical students and physicians, medical educators have emphasized on patients’ illness experiences, perspectives, concerns, and expectations during clinical communication skills training. However, low levels of physician empathy and decline in medical education have been reported. ” It is essential for a good patient–physician relationship and successful clinical outcomes. Macionis define as “It is the constant pattern of thinking, feeling and acting.Physician empathy is defined as the “ability to understand the patient’s inner experiences and perspective and a capability to communicate this understanding. It is the combination of an individual thoughts, characteristics, behaviors, attitude, idea and habits. Personality has been derived from the Latin word “persona” which means “mask” used by the actors to change their appearance. It is the sum of physical and mental abilities and capabilities. It is the sum of total behaviors of the individual and covers both overt and covert behaviors, interests, mentality and intelligence. The feeling and actions of an individual during interaction moulds the personality. For example, a killer is considered criminal in peace time and hero in war. One cannot determine it of an individual exactly because it varies from culture to culture and time to time. It develops during the process of socialization in a culture of a specific group or society. It refers to the habits, attitudes as well as physical traits of a person which are not same but have vary from group to group and society to society, everyone has personality, which may be good or bad, impressive or unimpressive. They have different types of personalities because individuals are not alike. In society every person has different traits such as skin, color, height and weight. Personality is the product of social interaction in group life.